A U.S. court case involving the tariffs imposed on Chinese imports during the first Trump administration could provide some clarity on the scope of the power of the U.S. Trade Representative's Office to use tariffs under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. The plaintiffs in the case have filed a petition with the Supreme Court to review an appeals court decision, and in doing so they and a group filing an amicus brief have pointed to the impact of this case on the Trump administration's use of Section 301 to impose tariffs as part of its trade policy agenda going forward.